• 专利附录
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    • 专利摘要:
    According to one aspect, the invention relates to an optical security component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, along an observation face. It comprises a first layer of dielectric material, having a first refractive index (ni), at least a first structure (Si, S2) diffractive etched on said first layer. The first structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given arrangement direction (X), a maximum width (1) of each module defined in the arrangement direction (X) being less than 300 μm. Each module comprises a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex or concave region, having a profile with a variable slope in a single direction (Y) , said direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the direction of arrangement (X). For two modules arranged side by side, the slope along at least one line parallel to the direction (X) of arrangement is different between said two modules.
    公开号:FR3066954A1
    申请号:FR1755002
    申请日:2017-06-06
    公开日:2018-12-07
    发明作者:Valery Petiton；Khalil Chikha；Yoran Eli Pigeon；Vincent Tollet；Francoise Daniel
    申请人:Surys SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    ® OPTICAL SECURITY COMPONENT VISIBLE IN REFLECTION, MANUFACTURE OF SUCH A COMPONENT AND SECURE DOCUMENT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A COMPONENT.
    FR 3 066 954 - A1
    According to one aspect, the invention relates to an optical safety component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, along an observation face. It comprises a first layer of dielectric material, having a first refractive index (ni), at least a first diffractive structure (Si, S2) etched on said first layer. The first structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given direction (X) of arrangement, a maximum width (I) of each module defined in the direction of arrangement (X) being less than 300 pm. Each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets, the shapes of which are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex or concave region, presenting a profile with a variable slope in a single direction (Y) , called direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the direction of arrangement (X). For two modules arranged side by side, the slope along at least one line parallel to the direction (X) of arrangement is different between said two modules.

    i
    OPTICAL SECURITY COMPONENT VISIBLE IN REFLECTION, MANUFACTURE OF SUCH A COMPONENT AND SECURE DOCUMENT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A COMPONENT
    TECHNICAL AREA
    The present description relates to the field of security marking. More particularly, it relates to an optical security component visible in reflection in order to verify the authenticity of a document, to a process for manufacturing such a component and to a secure document equipped with such a document.
    STATE OF THE ART
    Numerous technologies are known for authenticating documents or products, and in particular for securing documents such as valuable documents such as banknotes, passports or other identification documents. These technologies aim at the production of optical safety components whose optical effects according to the observation parameters (orientation of the component relative to the observation axis, position and dimensions of the light source, etc.) take configurations very characteristic and verifiable. The general purpose of these optical components is to provide new and differentiated optical effects, from physical configurations that are difficult to reproduce. Among these components, we call DOVID for Diffractive Optical Variable Image Device, the optical components producing diffractive and variable images which are commonly called holograms.
    It is known, for example, to generate an effect consisting of a dynamic variation of an optical effect, for example in the form of displacement in a given direction of a light and / or colored area, sometimes called “rolling bar” or “rolling bar According to the Anglo-Saxon expression, the displacement resulting from a variation in the tilt angle of the component. An observer can then observe a bright and / or colored zone which moves along an image when it rotates the component, which constitutes an additional authentication check.
    Such dynamic optical effects having “drop-down bars” are for example described in patent application WO 2015154943 in the name of the applicant and a figure of which is reproduced in the present application (FIG. 1). An optical security component described in the aforementioned application has a visible effect in reflection. The optical safety component includes a diffractive structure etched on a layer of dielectric material. The structure has a first pattern comprising a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate a series of concave or convex cylindrical optical elements, visible in reflection, this first pattern being modulated by a second pattern forming a subwavelength network. As shown in the example illustrated in FIG. 1, in a first region referenced 11, the first pattern makes it possible to simulate a series of concave cylindrical elements 12 and in a second region referenced 21, the first pattern makes it possible to simulate a series of convex cylindrical elements 22. Furthermore, in each of regions 11 and 21, the first pattern is modulated by a second pattern to respectively form a first sub-wavelength network and a second sub-wavelength network acting, after deposition of a thin layer of high index dielectric material for example, and encapsulation of the structure, as respectively of the first and second subtractive filters in wavelengths. The cylindrical elements 12, 22 have dimensions for example of about 2 mm wide and 12 mm long, which makes them visible to the naked eye. Such an optical safety component thus has a dynamic visual effect of light bands 13, 23, of different colors and moving in opposite directions when it undergoes a tilt rotation about an axis parallel to one of the main directions Δ1 , Δ2 of the cylindrical elements.
    However, in the known prior art, only dynamic effects of the scroll bar type have been described. The present application describes an optical security component with an original structure making it possible to access more complex dynamic visual effects, making it possible to simulate differentiated messages, therefore easier to recognize, and ultimately ensuring even more robust authentication.
    ABSTRACT
    According to a first aspect, the invention relates to an optical safety component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, according to at least a first observation face, and comprising a first layer of dielectric material, having a first index of refraction and at least a first diffractive structure etched on said first layer.
    In an optical security component according to the first aspect, said first diffractive structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given direction of arrangement, a maximum width of each module defined in the direction d arrangement being less than 300 µm. Each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex or concave region, said optical element having a profile with a continuously variable slope according to a single direction, said direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the direction of arrangement. Furthermore, for two modules arranged side by side, the slope along at least one line parallel to the direction of arrangement is different between said two modules.
    The first layer of dielectric material is at least partially transparent in the spectral band of observation of the component, that is to say in the visible for observation with the naked eye. An "at least partially transparent" layer is defined as a layer having a transmission of at least 70%, preferably at least 80% for a wavelength included in the spectral observation band.
    Such an optical safety component exhibits, in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement around an axis parallel to said arrangement direction, a dynamic visual effect, depending on the arrangement of said modules, and comprising the crossing of two line segments, the line segments crossing by "moving" in the same direction at different speeds or in opposite directions, and / or the movement of a line segment oblique to the direction d arrangement.
    By tilt movement is meant a rotation of the component about an axis parallel to the direction of arrangement of the modules. The tilt angle is commonly +/- 45 °, preferably +/- 30 ° around a nominal viewing position. The nominal observation position is defined for example for observation under vertical lighting, by a component inclined so as to present an angle of 45 ° between the normal to the component and the vertical direction.
    An observer thus perceives either line segments or curves made up of small juxtaposed line segments. In general, the dynamic visual effect obtained thus includes the movement of one or more complex graphic elements. This complex dynamic visual effect offers, compared to simple horizontal drop-down bars, more secure authentication and a higher technological barrier, due to the design and manufacture of the modules necessary to obtain the visual effect described above.
    A maximum width of the modules less than 300 μm allows that each module cannot be distinguished with the naked eye, which makes it possible to give an observer a visual effect of continuous, straight or curved lines. In practice, there may be a minimum number of modules determined by the maximum width of the modules, so that the first structure is visible to the naked eye. Thus, in practice, a minimum dimension of the first structure may be greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 2 mm, preferably greater than 5 mm.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the heights of the facets forming the first pattern are determined to favor a plurality of orders of diffraction at the same angle of observation in order to obtain a polychromatic diffraction; in other words, a diffraction at several wavelengths whether or not coming from the same order of diffraction and at a substantially identical angle of observation, that is to say in an angular range smaller than 2 °, preferably smaller that 1 °. The plurality of diffraction orders makes it possible to generate for the eye of the observer, by additive synthesis, a "white" or "achromatic" effect.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, said modules of the set of modules each have a substantially constant width in said direction of variation of the slope. The width can be the same for all the modules or at least two of said modules can have a different width. Having modules of different widths makes it possible to create moving graphic elements which have, in reflection, different light intensities.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, at least one of said modules has a variable width according to said direction of variation of the slope. Said module can for example have a triangular, pyramidal shape, or any other non-rectangular shape, which makes it possible to create visual effects of crossfades, for example between 2 modules of inverted pyramidal shape, or to create an additional level of authentication of the component, by observation of the modules under a microscope.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the set of modules comprises a first subset of modules and a second subset of modules, such that the modules of the first subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with at least a concave region, the modules of the second subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, the modules of the first subset are arranged alternately with the modules of the second subset.
    Such an arrangement of the modules makes it possible to form an optical safety component which exhibits, in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, an original dynamic visual effect, comprising the crossing of two straight segments.
    Furthermore, by alternating the modules of the first and second subsets of modules, an observer perceives the effects linked to each of the subsets simultaneously.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the set of modules comprises at least a first subset of modules, such that the modules of said first subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with, for each of said optical elements, at least one first concave region or at least one first convex region, each of said first regions comprising a flat line parallel to the direction of arrangement. Furthermore, for two successive modules of said first subset of modules, said flat lines are offset according to the direction of variation of the slope.
    A flat line is within the meaning of this description a line parallel to the direction of arrangement of the modules at which the slope of the profile of the optical element simulated by said module is canceled.
    Such an arrangement of the modules makes it possible to form an optical safety component which exhibits, in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, an original dynamic visual effect comprising the movement of an oblique straight line segment with respect to the direction. module layout. By playing on the offset of successive modules, it will be possible to form broken lines with several segments.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, for several successive modules of said first subset of modules, said flat lines are offset in the direction of variation of the slope by an offset of less than 300 μm, in order to present to an observer a visual effect of a line that looks continuous. By playing with the direction and the amplitude of the offset, for example with a continuously variable offset along the axis perpendicular to the layout direction, it is also possible to generate curves.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the set of modules comprises at least a first subset of modules, such that the modules of said first subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one first concave region for all of said modules of said first subset and / or at least one first convex region for all said modules of said first subset and at least two of said modules of the first subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements having profiles with functions different from variation of the slope.
    Such an arrangement of the modules makes it possible to form an optical safety component which exhibits, in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, an original dynamic visual effect of a deforming moving graphic element.
    Depending on the desired visual effects, the modules of the set of modules of the optical safety component according to the first aspect can be designed to simulate different optical elements having at least one convex region and / or at least one concave region.
    Thus, according to one or more exemplary embodiments, at least one of said modules makes it possible to simulate an optical element with a profile having a variable slope according to said direction of variation of the slope, symmetrical (in absolute value) with respect to a flat line parallel to the layout direction. The symmetry of the slope function makes it possible to simulate a regular movement effect of the graphic element (s), with a symmetry of the visual effect as a function of the positive or negative tilt values.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, at least one of said modules makes it possible to simulate an optical element with a profile having a variable slope according to said direction of variation of the slope, asymmetrical (in absolute value) relative to a flat line, said flat line being parallel to the layout direction. The asymmetry of the slope function makes it possible to simulate effects of speed change on either side of a nominal position of the component (zero tilt).
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, at least one of said modules makes it possible to simulate an optical element with at least one concave region and at least one convex region. The presence of at least one concave region and at least one convex region makes it possible to form a combination / plurality of visual effects of moving graphic elements.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the optical security component further comprises a second layer, covering at least in part said first structure, and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible. Said second layer is for example a metallic layer or a so-called index variation layer, having a refractive index different from that of the neighboring layers, preferably such that the difference in the refractive index values is at least equal to 0 3.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, in at least a first region, said first pattern is modulated by a second pattern forming a periodic network of period between 100 nm and 700 nm, advantageously 200 nm to 500 nm, determined to produce, after deposition of the second layer, a resonant filter in a first spectral band.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the optical security component further comprises a third layer of dielectric material deposited on said second layer and having a third refractive index. The second layer is a thin layer of dielectric material, having a second refractive index such as the difference between the second refractive index and the first refractive index and the difference between the second refractive index and the third refractive index either at less equal to 0.3. The second pattern is adapted to produce, after deposition of the second layer and encapsulation of said first structure by the third layer, a band pass resonant filter in reflection.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the second layer is a thin layer of metallic material, of thickness greater than 40 nm and the second pattern is suitable for producing a resonant band-cut filter in reflection.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, said first structure has a contour forming a recognizable graphic shape.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the outline of the structure forms a graphic shape similar to the shape of a moving graphic element.
    When the first pattern comprises at least a second structure, the structures can be juxtaposed, each with recognizable shapes.
    The optical security component according to the first aspect can comprise one or more additional layers according to the needs of the application, without this or these additional layers contributing to the desired visual effect.
    Thus, according to one or more exemplary embodiments, the optical security component is suitable for securing a document or a product, and further comprises, on the face opposite to the observation face, a layer suitable for transfer of the component to the document or the product, for example an adhesive layer or a layer of reactivable adhesive.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the optical security component further comprises, on the side of the first observation face, a support film intended to be detached after transfer of the component to the document or the product.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the optical security component is suitable for manufacturing a security wire for securing banknotes, and comprises on the side of the first observation face and / or on the opposite face on the first observation face, one or more protective layers.
    According to a second aspect, the present description relates to methods of manufacturing optical safety components according to the first aspect.
    Thus, the present description relates to a method of manufacturing an optical security component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, according to at least a first observation face, the method comprising:
    - depositing on a support film a first layer of a material having a first refractive index ;
    - the formation on said first layer of at least one first structure such as:
    o said first structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given direction of arrangement, a maximum width of each module defined in the direction of arrangement being less than 300 μm;
    o each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex or concave region, having a profile with a variable slope in a single direction, called direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the direction of arrangement;
    o for two modules arranged side by side, the slope along at least one line parallel to the direction of arrangement is different between said two modules.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments, the method further comprises depositing a second layer, covering at least in part said first structure, and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible.
    According to a third aspect, the present description relates to an optical safety component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, according to at least a first observation face, and comprising a first layer of dielectric material, having a first index. of refraction and at least a first diffractive structure etched on said first layer, as well as a second layer, covering at least in part said first structure, and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible.
    In an optical security component according to the third aspect, said first structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given direction of arrangement, a maximum width of each module defined in the direction of arrangement being less than 300 µm. Each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets, the shapes of which are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex or concave region, having a profile with a variable slope in one direction, called direction slope variation, perpendicular to the layout direction.
    Furthermore, said first pattern is modulated by a second pattern forming a periodic network of period between 100 nm and 700 nm in one or 2 dimensions, advantageously between 200 nm and 500 nm, determined to produce, after deposition of the second layer , a resonant filter in a given spectral band of resonance, so that for two modules arranged side by side, the spectral band of resonance is different between said two modules.
    Such an optical safety component exhibits, in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement around an axis parallel to said arrangement direction, a dynamic colored visual effect, depending on the arrangement of said modules. The modular arrangement of the first pattern makes it possible to generate original colors resulting from additive combinations of the properties of each module, original colors which one could not always perceive in the optical safety components of the prior art.
    As in the optical security component according to the first aspect, the optical security component as defined here is based on the formation of a diffractive structure, comprising a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, according to a given direction of arrangement, a maximum width of each module defined in the direction of arrangement being less than 300 μm.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, illustrated by the following figures:
    FIG. 1, already described, illustrates an example of double drop-down bars according to the prior art;
    FIGS. 2A and 2B, illustrate sectional views of exemplary embodiments of components according to this description;
    FIGS. 3 to 5, diagrams illustrating modules in an optical safety component according to the present description, with different slope profiles;
    - FIG. 6, diagrams illustrating external forms of modules in an optical safety component according to the present description
    - FIGS. 7 to 13, diagrams illustrating various embodiments of optical safety components according to the present description and the associated visual effects;
    - FIG. 14, a diagram illustrating an embodiment of an optical security component according to the present description with a particular outline of the structure and the associated visual effects;
    - FIGS. 15 to 18, diagrams illustrating other embodiments of optical safety components according to the present description, with modulation of the first pattern with a second pattern, in order to form colored dynamic visual effects.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    In the figures, the elements are not shown to scale for better visibility.
    FIGS. 2A and 2B show in sectional views (partial) two examples of optical safety components according to the present description.
    The optical safety component 201 shown in FIG. 2A represents for example an optical security component intended to be transferred to a document or a product with a view to securing it. According to this example, it comprises a support film 211, for example a film of polymeric material, for example a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film of a few tens of micrometers, typically 15 to 100 μm, as well as a release layer 212, for example example in natural or synthetic wax. The release layer makes it possible to remove the polymer support film 211 after transfer of the optical component to the product or document to be secured. The optical safety component 201 furthermore comprises a first layer 213 of dielectric material, having a first refractive index ni and at least one first diffractive structure Si, comprising a first pattern Mi, stamped on said first layer 213 and which will be described more in detail later.
    In the example of FIG. 2A, the optical security component 201 also comprises a second layer 214 covering at least in part said first structure Si, and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible. The second layer 214 is for example a metallic layer or a so-called index variation layer, having a refractive index different from that of the neighboring layers, the difference in index between the layers 213 and 214 having a value at least equal to 0.3. The layer 214 makes it possible to ensure the reflection of the incident light.
    The optical safety component also comprises one or more layers which are not optically functional but which are suitable for the application, for example, in the example of FIG. 2A, a layer of adhesive 217, for example a layer of hot re-activatable adhesive, for the transfer of the optical security component to the product or document.
    In practice, as will be detailed later, the optical security component can be manufactured by stacking the layers on the support film 211, then the component is transferred to a document / product to be secured by means of the adhesive layer 217. Optionally, the support film 211 can then be detached, for example by means of the release layer 212. The main observation face 200 of the optical safety component is thus located on the side of the first layer 213 opposite the engraved face of layer 213.
    The optical safety component 202 shown in FIG. 2B represents for example an optical security component intended for securing banknotes; it is for example part of a security thread intended to be integrated into the paper during the manufacture of the ticket. In this example, the component 202 comprises, as before, a support film 211 (12 to 25 μm) which will also serve as a protective film for the safety thread, and, as in the example of FIG. 2A, a first layer 213 of dielectric material having a first refractive index n i; at least a first diffractive structure S 2 , stamped on said first layer 213, and a second layer 214 covering at least partially said first structure S 2 , and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible. As it appears on FIG.2B, the structure S 2 differs from the structure Si in particular in that it presents a first pattern Mi modulated by a second pattern M 2 forming a periodic network sub wavelength, as will be described in more detail later. The optical safety component 202 also comprises, in the example of FIG. 2B, a set of layers 215, 216, 218, respectively an encapsulation layer 215, an optional opaque colored contrast layer 216 and a protective layer 218, for example a second polymer film or a varnish. As in the previous example, the manufacturing can be carried out by stacking the layers on the support film 211. The protective layer 218 is then deposited to give the safety thread the necessary solidity. The encapsulation 215 and color contrast layers 216 are optional; they can also form a single layer. The adhesive layer 218 and the layer 215 can also form a single layer having the two functions.
    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other optically non-functional layers can be added depending on the needs of the application in each of the examples shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B and that the variant embodiments presented in FIGS. 2A and 2B can be combined; in particular, each of the structures of type SI comprising a first pattern Mi, or of type S2 comprising a first pattern Mi modulated by a second pattern M 2 , can be used both in an optical security component intended to be transferred to a document or a product for securing it or in an optical security component intended for securing banknotes.
    Note that if the additional layers, not optically functional, for example the layer 217, or the layers 215, 216, 218, are transparent, as well as the destination support, the optical security component may be visible on both sides, with an inversion of the curvatures of the optical elements generated.
    According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present description, the first pattern Mi comprises at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given arrangement direction, a maximum width of each module defined in the arrangement direction being less than 300 pm. Each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection seen from the observation face 200, with at least one convex or concave region, said optical element having a profile with a variable slope in a single direction, called the direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the direction of arrangement.
    For the determination of the shape of the first pattern, reference can be made to the method of forming Fresnel lenses, as illustrated by means of FIGS. 3 to 5 which thus illustrate various examples of modules adapted to form the first pattern according to the present description.
    More specifically, FIGS. 3A to 3D illustrate a first example of a module 310, shown in section in FIG. 3D. The module 310 comprises a first diffractive pattern formed by a set of facets 320 and determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection 300, said optical element 300 being shown in perspective in FIG. 3 A and in section in FIG. 3C. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, the optical element 300 has an elevation profile along the Z axis, with a variable slope in a single direction Y, called the direction of variation of the slope, the modules 310 being intended to be arranged in a direction X of arrangement perpendicular to the direction Y of variation of the slope.
    The reflective optical element 300 which it is sought to reproduce with the low relief 310 is in the example of FIGS. 3 A to 3D a concave reflective optical element, for example a cylindrical reflective element formed by a cylinder section whose generatrix defines a main direction parallel to X. Alternatively, it could be a portion of ellipse, of parabola or any other symmetrical curve. The choice of curve is driven by the expected speed variation of the visual effect for a given tilt rotation. The optical element 300 comprises a flat line 301, corresponding to the line for canceling the slope dz, corresponding to the line for which - = 0; the flat line is perpendicular to the direction of variation of the slope Y. FIG. 3B shows a top view of the optical element 300 in which, by convention, the most hollowed-out concave regions are represented with dark gray and the least-hollowed regions are represented with light gray.
    In the examples of FIGS. 3A and 3D, the optical element 300 is moreover symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal axis (denoted AJ, here confused with the flat line 301.
    The arrangement of modules such as those shown in FIG. 3D and allowing to form symmetrical optical elements, allows to obtain a symmetry of the effect observed for positive or negative tilt angles.
    Of course, a description similar to that produced by means of FIGS. 3 A to 3D in the case of a concave reflective element can be made for a convex reflective element.
    FIGS. 4A to 4D illustrate a second example of a module 410, shown in section in FIG. 4D. The module 410 comprises a first diffractive pattern formed by a set of facets 420 and determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection 400, said optical element 400 being shown in perspective in FIG. 4A and in section in FIG. 4C. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C, the optical element 400 has an elevation profile in Z with variable slope in a single direction Y, called direction of variation of the slope, the modules 410 being intended to be arranged in a direction X of perpendicular arrangement to the Y direction of variation of the slope.
    The reflective optical element 400 which it is sought to reproduce with the low relief 410 is in the example of FIGS. 4A to 4D a reflective optical element with a convex region, having, as in the previous example, a flat line 401 corresponding to the line for canceling the slope. In this example, however, the optical element 400 is not symmetrical with respect to the flat line 401. FIG. 4B shows a top view of the optical element 400 in which, by convention, the highest convex regions are represented with lighter grays and the lower regions are represented with darker grays.
    The arrangement of modules such as those shown in FIG. 4D makes it possible to obtain an asymmetry of the effect observed for positive or negative tilt angles.
    Again, a description similar to that made by means of FIGS. 4A to 4D in the case of a convex reflective element can be made for a concave reflective element.
    FIGS. 5A to 5D illustrate a third example of a module 510, shown in section in FIG. 5D. The module 510 comprises a first diffractive pattern formed by a set of facets 520 and determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection 500, said optical element 500 being shown in perspective in FIG. 5A and in section in FIG. 5C. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C, the optical element 500 has a profile with a variable slope in the direction Y of variation of the slope, the modules 510 being intended to be arranged in a direction X of arrangement perpendicular to the direction Y of variation of the slope.
    The reflective optical element 500 which it is sought to reproduce with the low relief 510 is in the example of FIGS. 5A to 5D a reflective optical element with a first convex region, having a flat line 501 corresponding to the line for canceling the slope of the convex region and a first concave region, having a flat line 502 corresponding to the line d cancellation of the slope of the concave region. FIG. 5B shows a top view of the optical element 500 in which, as before, the highest regions are represented with lighter grays and the deeper regions are represented with darker grays.
    The arrangement of modules such as those shown in FIG. 5D makes it possible to obtain, for a tilt angle -6max, 2 light segments which appear and move in the opposite direction when the tilt angle closes, then merge for a maximum tilt angle + 0max.
    The determination of all the diffractive facets to obtain a reflective optical element with at least one convex region and / or at least one concave region, as illustrated for example in FIGS. 3 to 5, can be made by known means, described for example in application WO2011138394 in the name of the applicant.
    It is possible, for example, to mesh the optical element with constant pitch, for example according to a set of equidistant planes, parallel to the XZ plane shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. The shape of the first pattern can then be obtained by translating in each mesh the elementary surfaces of the reflective element to obtain a first pattern in the form of low relief of reduced thickness whose facets reproduce the shape of the elementary surfaces. It is also possible to carry out the mesh at constant level in the form of a slicing, for example according to a set of equidistant planes, parallel to the XY plane shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. As previously, the shape of the first pattern can be obtained by translating the elementary surfaces of the reflective element to obtain a first pattern in the form of low relief of reduced thickness whose facets reproduce the shape of the elementary surfaces. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in the context of replication by embossing because it limits the variations in thickness of the first resulting pattern.
    In general, one can choose one of the two approaches or combine the two approaches to form a diffractive structure with steps and heights of the facets determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection with at least one concave region and / or at minus a convex region. The pitches and heights of the facets (320, 420, 520) are determined according to the laws of diffraction, on the assumption of a diffractive structure on which is deposited the first layer of dielectric material with refractive index ni. The steps are between 2 pm and 300 pm, preferably between 3 pm and 100 pm, preferably between 4 and 50 pm. the heights are determined to favor a plurality of diffraction orders in order to maintain an achromatic diffraction. For example, the height h of the facets of the first pattern is generally between 0.1 and 10 microns, preferably between 0.3 and 5 pm. Each facet can be likened to a rectangle and has a large dimension corresponding to the width of the module and a small dimension, measured on the facet in a direction perpendicular to the large dimension, the small dimension being between 2 and 20 μm, preferably between 4 and 10 pm. A module can include a few tens to a few thousand facets to form the diffractive structure.
    Although the modules forming the first pattern of an optical safety component according to the present description, illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5, have a shape in the substantially rectangular XY plane, other shapes are possible.
    FIG. 6 thus represents different forms, referenced 601 to 607 of modules according to the present description, the modules being represented from above, that is to say in an XY plane defined respectively by the directions of arrangement X and of variation of the slope Y.
    For example, inverted pyramid modules (eg 604, 605) can be used to create crossfade visual effects. Complex shaped modules (606, 607) can allow additional authentication under the microscope.
    One can define for each of these modules a larger dimension L and a width £ which can be variable (case of forms 602 to 606). In all cases, however, a maximum value £ of the width is less than 300 µm. For a rectangular module, preferably 10 pm <l <300 pm, preferably 30 pm <l <100 pm. For L, we will preferably choose 2 mm <L <50 mm, preferably 5 mm <L <20 mm. The final length of each module can be determined by the graphic pupil.
    According to one or more embodiments of an optical safety component of the present description, for two modules arranged side by side, the slope along at least one line parallel to the direction of arrangement X is different between said two modules. The applicant has shown that such an optical safety component exhibits, in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement around an axis parallel to said arrangement direction, a dynamic visual effect comprising the crossing of two segments line and / or the movement of an oblique line segment, depending on the arrangement of said modules.
    Nonlimiting examples of such dynamic visual effects are illustrated by means of FIGS. 7 to 14.
    In FIGS. 7A, 8A, 9A, 10A, 11 A, 12A, 13A, 14A, for the sake of simplification, only a set of a few modules has been represented for each optical safety component, seen from above and with the convention adopted for their representation ( see FIGS. 3B, 4B, 5B) according to which the hollowest concave regions are represented with dark gray and the highest convex regions are represented with light gray. In practice, a first pattern may include a greater number of modules than that shown. FIGS. 7B, 8B, 9B, 10B, 11B, 12B, 13B, 14B illustrate the visual effect resulting when the optical safety component is observed in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement (angle Θ) around a axis parallel to said direction of arrangement.
    In FIGS. 9A, 10A, 11 A, 12A, 13 A, the structure is “pupilized”, that is to say that it is delimited by a contour of substantially rectangular shape, so that on the optical component security, the visual effect is visible on a substantially rectangular region (see FIGS. 9B, 10B, 11B, 12B, 13B). The outline of said pupil is not shown in FIGS. 9A, 10A, 11 A, 12A, 13A. In FIG. 14A, the structure is also pupilized, but with another shape. The "pupillage" is obtained during the manufacture of the optical safety component for example by applying a digital filter to the computer engraving data to remove the engraving information beyond the desired pupil, or by a physical pupil which is inserted during optical recording between the incident etching beam and the photosensitive surface.
    These figures, shown for illustrative purposes to show visual effects, are not shown to scale and are simplified compared to an actual observation of a component. Furthermore, the visual effects shown in each of the figures can be combined. When the modules are shown convex, displacement effects in an opposite direction can be obtained with concave modules, and vice versa.
    FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate a first example of an optical security component 700 according to the present description.
    In this example, the set of modules comprises a first subset of modules 710 and a second subset of modules 720, such that the modules (711, 712) of the first subset of modules 710 make it possible to simulate elements optics with a convex region and the modules (721, 722) of the second subset of modules 720 make it possible to simulate optical elements also with a convex region, but whose slope variation profile is different from that of the modules of the first subset of modules. In this example, the slope variation of the modules (711, 712) of the first subset of modules 710 is faster than the slope variation of the modules (721, 722) of the second subset of modules 720. As it appears in FIG. 7A, the modules of the first sub-assembly 710 are for example arranged alternately with the modules of the second sub-assembly 720. In this example, the flat lines of the modules are substantially aligned.
    As illustrated in FIG. 7B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect of deformation comprising the movement of a double bar 701, 702 which dissociates with the rotation of the component, the bar 701 corresponding to the first sub-assembly moving faster than the bar 702 corresponding to the second sub-assembly. The difference in the slope functions of the modules makes it possible to give a visual effect of a central horizontal line (nominal position corresponding to zero tilt) which splits when the document is tilted around its nominal position, so that one line crosses the other, the lines moving in the same direction but not at the same speed.
    FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate a second example of an optical security component 800 according to the present description.
    In this example, the set of modules comprises a first subset of modules 810 and a second subset of modules 820, such that the modules (811, 812) of the first subset of modules 810 make it possible to simulate elements optical elements with at least one convex region and the modules (821, 822) of the second subset of modules 820 make it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one concave region. As shown in FIG. 8A, the modules of the first sub-assembly 810 are arranged alternately with the modules of the second sub-assembly 820 and the modules of the second sub-assembly 820 are thinner than the modules of the first sub-assembly 810. As in the previous example , the flat lines of the modules are substantially aligned.
    As illustrated in FIG. 8B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the crossing of two straight segments, 801, 802, associated respectively with the first subset of modules 810 and with second subset of modules 820. Due to the alternation between modules having a convex region and modules having a concave region, in this example, the line segments seem to cross while moving in opposite directions. The region occupied by the modules of the subset of modules 820 being smaller (because the modules are thinner), the line segment 802 appears less bright than the line segment 801.
    FIGS. 9A and 9B illustrate a third example of an optical security component 900 according to the present description.
    In this example, the set of modules comprises a first subset of modules 911 - 915 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, such as for two successive modules of the first subset of modules, said lines of flat are offset in the direction (Y) of variation of the slope. In practice, as illustrated in FIG. 9B, it is possible to calculate identical modules which are arranged with an offset. In the example of FIGS. 9A, 9B, the structure formed by the modules is "pupilled" (pupil not shown in FIG. 9A) to reveal a substantially rectangular safety optical component.
    As illustrated in FIG. 9B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement of an oblique line segment, that is to say not parallel to the direction X d arrangement of modules.
    If the offset between the flat lines of two successive modules is small enough (typically less than 300 µm), an observer will be able to see a continuous line.
    In the example of FIG. 9B, line segments have been shown;
    however, with a continuously variable offset of the flat lines, it could be any form of curved line, comprising at least one oblique elementary straight line segment formed by means of two successive modules.
    FIGS. 10A and 10B illustrate a fourth example of an optical security component 1000 according to the present description.
    In this example, the set of modules comprises a first subset 1010 of modules 1011 - 1015 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, such as for two successive modules of the first subset of modules, the lines of flat are offset in the direction (Y) of variation of the slope. The set of modules also includes a second subset 1020 of modules 1021 - 1024 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one concave region, the flat lines of the modules being substantially aligned.
    As illustrated in FIG. 10B, the optical component then has in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement in one direction of an oblique line segment 1001, that is to say not parallel to the direction X of arrangement of the modules and simultaneously the displacement in an opposite direction of a horizontal line segment 1002.
    FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate a fifth example of an optical safety component 1100 according to the present description, substantially similar to that shown in FIG. 9A, but in which the modules 1111 - 1119, are arranged offset with respect to each other to form a chevron. The modules being identical but offset, the optical security component exhibits in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement of a graphic element 1101, here a chevron, which moves from side and on the other from a nominal position corresponding to a zero tilt, without deforming.
    FIGS. 12A and 12B illustrate a sixth example of an optical security component 1200 according to the present description.
    In this example, as in the example of FIGS. 9A, 9B, the set of modules comprises a first subset of modules 1211 - 1219 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, such as for two successive modules of the first subset of modules, said lines of flat are offset in the direction (Y) of variation of the slope. In this example, however, at least two of said modules of the first subset of modules have different profiles for varying the slope along the axis (Y) of varying the slope.
    As illustrated in FIG. 12B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement of a graphic element which deforms as it moves. As illustrated, the graphic element here takes three different independent forms with three tilt angles -0max, 0 °, + 6max ·
    It is thus possible to combine a dynamic effect of a graphic element which moves on either side from a nominal position with a deformation of this graphic element, making the authentication of the component even more robust.
    It is thus possible, thanks to the otic component according to the present description, to form dynamic visual effects of complex graphic elements.
    FIGS. 13A and 13B illustrate a seventh example of a security optical component 1300 according to the present description.
    In this example, the set of modules comprises a first subset 1310 of modules making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, such that for two successive modules of the first subset of modules, the flat lines are shifted in the direction (Y) of variation of the slope so as to form a recognizable graphic sign "Y". The set of modules also comprises a second subset 1320 of modules also making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, the flat lines of the modules being offset along the direction (Y) of variation of the slope of so as to form a recognizable graphic sign "F". In this example, the modules are identical but offset.
    As illustrated in FIG. 13B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement of a complex graphic element 1301 (YF), which moves here without deforming because the modules are all identical.
    Note that the horizontal bars of the F are obtained in this example thanks to subsets of interposed modules. It would also have been possible to obtain this effect with modules as described for example in FIGS. 5A to 5D, which make it possible to simulate optical elements with several regions of concavity / convexity.
    FIGS. 14A and 14B illustrate an eighth example of an optical security component 1400 according to the present description.
    In this example, the set of modules comprises a first subset 1410 of modules 1411 - 1419 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, such as for two successive modules of the first subset of modules, the lines of flat are offset in the direction (Y) of variation of the slope to form a first graphic element, in this example a chevron with a point upwards. The set of modules also comprises a second subset 1420 of modules 1421 - 1429 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one concave region, the flat lines of the modules being offset along the direction (Y) of variation of the slope to form a second graphic element, in this example a chevron with a point downwards. In this example, the structure is "pupilled" with a pupil P which itself recalls the shape of the rafters.
    As illustrated in FIG. 14B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement in one direction of one of the first graphic element 1401, and the displacement in an opposite direction of the second element chart 1402.
    Nonlimiting examples of colored dynamic visual effects are now illustrated by means of FIGS. 15 to 18.
    To obtain colored visual effects, the optical safety components may include, as illustrated in FIG. 2B, the first pattern Mi modulated by a second pattern M 2 forming a periodic network with a period between 100 nm and 700 nm, advantageously between 200 nm and 500 nm, and which behaves in the visible as a network called "sub length d 'wave' that is to say of period less than the smallest wavelength used to observe the component. The network is determined to produce, after deposition of the second reflective layer 214 in the visible, a resonant filter in a first spectral band.
    According to a first exemplary embodiment, the second layer 214 may comprise a layer of dielectric material of refractive index n 2 , encapsulated between the first layer 213 of dielectric material of refractive index ni and a third layer of dielectric material 215 d 'refractive index n 3; the resonant filter is a wavelength subtractive filter, called in the following description "dielectric subtractive resonant filter". An example of such a filter is for example the DID ™ (for "Diffractive Identification Device"), manufactured by the applicant. The second pattern forms a sub-wavelength network, in one or two dimensions, adapted to allow the excitation of guided modes within the second layer 214, forming a band pass resonant filter in reflection, including the spectral band of resonance. Δλ is centered on a first wavelength λι. The second layer 214 comprises a thin layer, of thickness preferably between 20 nm and 200 nm and preferably between 60 nm and 150 nm, having a second refractive index n 2 such that the second refractive index n 2 differs from the first index of refraction ni and of the third refractive index n 3 of at least 0.3, advantageously at least 0.5. According to one or more exemplary embodiments, said thin layer of dielectric material is a layer of material known as “high refractive index” (or “HRI” for “High Refractive Index”), having a refractive index of between 1.8 and 2.9, advantageously between 2.0 and 2.4 and the first and third layers of dielectric material, on either side of the second layer, are so-called "low refractive index" layers, having refractive indices between 1.3 and 1.8, advantageously between 1.4 and 1.7.
    According to a second embodiment, the second layer 212 comprises a thin layer of metallic material, for example silver or aluminum, advantageously of thickness greater than 40 nm. The second pattern M 2 forms a subwavelength network, in one or two dimensions, adapted to allow the formation of a band-resonant filter in reflection. It is a plasmonic filter in reflection, called “R'plasmon” in the present description, and as described for example in patent application FR 2982038Al. Advantageously, the second metal layer 22 is thick enough to have a maximum residual transmission as a function of the wavelength of 2%.
    The examples described by means of FIGS. 15 to 18 can comprise a structure of the dielectric subtractive resonant filter type or of the R’Plasmon type for example. In the case of a dielectric subtractive resonant filter type structure, the optical safety component will have an additional visual effect, namely a color change during an azimuthal rotation of the component, in the case where the network forming the second pattern is one-dimensional. Advantageously, the optical component will comprise at least 2 zones whose sub-wavelength gratings are respectively oriented along the X and Y axes. The authenticity check of the dielectric subtractive resonant filter then consists in checking the permutation between the 2 colors.
    FIGS. 15A and 15B illustrate a first example of an optical security component 1500 according to the present description, with colored dynamic visual effect.
    In this example, the set of modules comprises a first subset 1510 of modules 1511 - 1516 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, the flat lines being substantially aligned, and a second subset 1520 of modules 1521 - 1525 also making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, the flat lines being substantially aligned with those of the modules of the first subset 1510. In this example, the first pattern of each module of the first subset of modules 1510 is modulated by a second pattern adapted to form a first color, for example red, and the first pattern of each module of the second subset of modules 1520 is modulated by a second pattern adapted to form a second color, for example green . The colors are obtained for example by dielectric subtractive resonant filter or R’Plasmon effects as described above. In particular, this effect can be obtained by using the same sub-wavelength modulation network whose directions are oriented perpendicularly. As can be seen in FIG. 15 A, the modules of the first subset are arranged alternately with the modules of the second subset; the modules of the first sub-assembly 1510 are wider than those of the second sub-assembly 1520 in a first region while the opposite is the case in a second region. In a third central region, the widths of the modules of the two sub-assemblies are substantially identical.
    As illustrated in FIG. 15B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a colored dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement of a colored line 1501, comprising several colors corresponding to the different regions, which moves here without being distort because the modules are all identical. Note that the color of the central region is a composite color, in this example yellow, which results from an additive synthesis between the colors of the modules of the two subsets.
    FIGS. 16A and 16B illustrate a second example of an optical safety component 1600 according to the present description, with colored dynamic visual effect.
    As before, the set of modules comprises a first subset 1610 of modules 1611 - 1615 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region, the flat lines being offset in this example, and a second subset 1620 of modules 1621 - 1624 making it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one concave region, the flat lines being substantially aligned. As before, the first pattern of each module of the first subset of modules 1610 is modulated by a second pattern adapted to form a first color, for example red, and the first pattern of each module of the second subset of modules 1620 is modulated by a second pattern adapted to form a second color, for example green. The colors are obtained for example by the effects of a dielectric subtractive resonant filter or R’Plasmon as described above. As can be seen in FIG. 16A, the modules of the first subset are arranged alternately with the modules of the second subset; in this example, 1 all the modules have a substantially identical width.
    As illustrated in FIG. 16B, the optical component then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a colored dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement in one direction of a colored line 1601 (here a green line), and the displacement in direction reverse of an oblique colored line 1602 (here a red line). For a zero tilt angle, the 2 bars overlap and the colors merge as before.
    In the previous examples, we alternated modules with different colors.
    It is also possible to create a structure as described in examples 7 to 14 and to modulate with a second pattern the first pattern of said structure, according to one or more predetermined contours.
    Thus in FIG. 17A, the set of modules comprises different subsets of modules 1710, 1720, 1730, 1740, 1750, 1760 as described for example in FIG. 11 A. Each of these subsets has a specific “color”, for example red for subsets 1710, 1730, 1750 and green for subsets 1720, 1740, 1760, the colors being obtained by means of modulation. of the first pattern by a second pattern, the second pattern being specific to each subset.
    The complete structure is also "pupilized" with a pupil P, for example in the form of a heart in this set.
    As illustrated in FIG. 17B, the optical component 1700 then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a colored dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement in the same direction of two graphic elements 1701 and 1702 each formed of chevrons of different and alternating colors .
    In the example of FIG. 18A, a structure of the type shown in FIG. 10A comprises a modulation of the first pattern by a second pattern, the second pattern being different in a first region PI and in a second region P2. The region P2 (here represented by a rhombus) is this time independent of the shape of the arrangement of the modules or subset of modules.
    As illustrated in FIG. 18B, the optical component 1800 then presents in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a colored dynamic visual effect comprising the displacement of the opposite directions of two graphic elements 1801 and 1802 formed respectively by an oblique line and by a horizontal line, the color of the lines moving between a nominal position at zero tilt and on either side of the nominal position.
    The process for manufacturing optical security components according to the present description advantageously comprises the following steps.
    The optical structure (Si or S2) formed of the first pattern possibly modulated by the second pattern, is recorded by photolithography or lithography by electron beam on a photosensitive support (or "photoresist" according to the English expression). An electroplating step makes it possible to transfer the optical structure into a resistant material, for example based on nickel, in order to produce a metallic matrix or "master" comprising the optical structure. The manufacturing of the optical security component then includes a replication step. For example, replication can be carried out by stamping (by hot pressing of the dielectric material in English "hot embossing") of the first layer 213 (FIGS. 2A, 2B) of dielectric material with refractive index n b, for example a layer low index, typically a stamping varnish a few microns thick. The layer 213 is advantageously carried by the support film 211, for example a film from 12 μm to 100 μm in polymer material, for example in PET (polyethylene terephthalate). Replication can also be done by molding the layer of stamping varnish before drying and then UV crosslinking ("UV casting"). Replication by UV crosslinking makes it possible in particular to reproduce structures having a large amplitude of depth and makes it possible to obtain better fidelity in replication. In general, any other high resolution replication method known from the prior art can be used in the replication step. Next comes the deposition on the layer thus embossed of all the other layers, for example the reflective layer 214, the encapsulation layer 215 (optional), the opaque colored contrast layer 216 (optional) which can be deposited uniformly or printed to represent a new pattern and the layer of glue or varnish type (217, 218) by a coating process or a crosslinkable varnish under UV, for example.
    Although described through a number of exemplary embodiments, the optical security component according to the invention and the method of manufacturing said component include different variants, modifications and improvements which will become apparent to those skilled in the art, being understood that these different variants, modifications and improvements form part of the scope of the invention as defined by the claims which follow.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Optical security component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, according to at least a first observation face, comprising:
    - a first layer of dielectric material, having a first refractive index (ni);
    at least a first diffractive structure (Si, S 2 ) etched on said first layer;
    and in which:
    said first diffractive structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given direction (X) of arrangement, a maximum width (7) of each module defined in the direction of arrangement (X) being less than 300 µm;
    each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex region and / or at least one concave region, presenting a profile with a variable slope according to only one direction (Y), said direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the direction of arrangement (X);
    for two modules arranged side by side, the slope along at least one line parallel to the direction (X) of arrangement is different between said two modules;
    the optical component exhibiting in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement around an axis parallel to said arrangement direction, a dynamic visual effect comprising the crossing of two straight line segments and / or the movement of a oblique line segment.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Optical security component according to claim 1, in which the set of modules comprises a first sub-set of modules and a second sub-set of modules, such as:
    the modules of the first subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one concave region;
    the modules of the second subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one convex region; the modules of the first subset are arranged alternately with the modules of the second subset;
    the optical component exhibiting in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the crossing of two straight segments.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Optical component according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the set of modules comprises at least a first subset of modules, such as:
    the modules of said first subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with, for each of said optical elements, at least a first concave region or at least a first convex region, each of said first regions comprising a flat line parallel to the direction arrangement;
    for two successive modules of said first subset of modules, said flat lines are offset in the direction (Y) of variation of the slope;
    the optical component exhibiting in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect comprising the movement of an oblique line segment.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Optical component according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the set of modules comprises at least a first subset of modules, such as:
    the modules of said first subset of modules make it possible to simulate optical elements with at least one first region concave for all of said modules of said first subset or convex for all of said modules of said first subset;
    at least two of said modules of the first subset of modules have profiles with different slope variation functions;
    the optical component exhibiting in reflection and under the effect of a tilt movement, a dynamic visual effect of a deforming moving graphic element.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. optical safety component according to any one of the preceding claims, in which at least one of said modules makes it possible to simulate an optical element having a profile with a variable slope according to said direction (Y) of variation of the slope, the slope being symmetrical in absolute value with respect to a flat line parallel to the layout direction (X).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Optical safety component according to claim 1, in which at least one of said modules makes it possible to simulate an optical element having a profile with a variable slope according to said direction (Y) of variation of the slope, the slope being asymmetric in absolute value compared to a flat line for which the slope is canceled.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Optical security component according to any one of the preceding claims, in which at least one of said modules makes it possible to simulate an optical element with at least one concave region and at least one convex region.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. An optical safety component according to claim 1, in which said modules of the set of modules each have a width (Λ) substantially constant along said direction (Y) of variation of the slope, at least two of said modules with different width (G, / 2) ·
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. An optical safety component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which at least one of said modules has a width (7) variable according to said direction (Y) of variation of the slope.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Optical security component according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a second layer (214), covering at least partially said first structure, and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. The optical security component as claimed in claim 10, in which in at least a first region, said first pattern is modulated by a second pattern forming a periodic network with one or two dimensions of period between 100 nm and 700 nm, determined for produce, after deposition of the second layer, a resonant filter in a first spectral band.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Optical security component according to claim 11, further comprising:
    - a third layer of dielectric material deposited on said second layer and having a third refractive index (n 3 );
    and in which:
    - the second layer is a thin layer of dielectric material, having a second refractive index (n 2 ) such that the difference between the second refractive index (n 2 ) and the first refractive index (ni) and the difference between the second refractive index (n 2 ) and the third refractive index (n 3 ) are greater than or equal to 0.3;
    - The second pattern is suitable for producing, after deposition of the second layer and encapsulation of said first structure by the third layer, a band pass resonant filter in reflection.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Optical security component according to claim 11, in which:
    the second layer is a thin layer of metallic material, of thickness greater than 40 nm;
    - the second pattern is adapted to produce a resonant notch filter in reflection.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. An optical safety component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first structure (S) has an outline forming a recognizable graphic shape.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Method for manufacturing an optical safety component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, along an observation face, the method comprising:
    depositing on a support film a first layer of a material having a first refractive index (ni) ; the formation on said first layer of at least one first diffractive structure (S), such as:
    ο said first diffractive structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given direction (X) of arrangement, a maximum width of each module defined in the direction of arrangement (X) being less at 300 qm;
    ο each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex region and / or at least one concave region, presenting a profile with a variable slope in a single direction (Y), said direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the arrangement direction (X);
    ο for two modules arranged side by side, the slope along at least one line parallel to the direction (X) of arrangement is different between said two modules.
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. The method of manufacturing an optical security component according to claim 15 further comprising depositing a second layer, covering at least in part said first structure, and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible.
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. Optical security component intended to be observed in reflection, with the naked eye, according to at least a first observation face, comprising:
    - a first layer of dielectric material, having a first refractive index (ni);
    - a first diffractive structure (S) etched on said first layer;
    - a second layer, covering at least in part said first structure, and having a spectral band of reflection in the visible;
    and in which:
    said first structure comprises a first pattern with at least one set of modules arranged side by side, in a given direction (X) of arrangement, a maximum width of each module defined in the direction of arrangement (X) being less than 300 pm;
    each module includes a bas-relief with a first set of facets whose shapes are determined to simulate an optical element visible in reflection, with at least one convex region and / or at least one concave region, presenting a profile with a variable slope according to only one direction (Y), said direction of variation of the slope, perpendicular to the direction of arrangement (X);
    said first pattern is modulated by a second pattern forming a periodic network with a period between 100 nm and 700 nm, determined to produce, after deposition of the second layer, a resonant filter in a given spectral band of resonance, so that for two modules arranged side by side, the spectral band of resonance is different between said two modules.
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    WO2018224512A1|2018-12-13|
    AU2018280753A1|2020-01-30|
    US20200223243A1|2020-07-16|
    AU2018280753B2|2020-12-03|
    RU2728815C1|2020-07-31|
    WO2018224513A1|2018-12-13|
    EP3634771B1|2021-08-04|
    EP3634771A1|2020-04-15|
    EP3634770B1|2021-08-04|
    CA3066659C|2021-05-18|
    EP3634770A1|2020-04-15|
    FR3066954B1|2019-11-01|
    JP2020522762A|2020-07-30|
    CN111032365A|2020-04-17|
    CA3066659A1|2018-12-13|
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    法律状态:
    2018-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-12-07| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20181207 |
    2019-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-05-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-05-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1755002A|FR3066954B1|2017-06-06|2017-06-06|OPTICAL SECURITY COMPONENT VISIBLE IN REFLECTION, MANUFACTURE OF SUCH COMPONENT AND SECURE DOCUMENT PROVIDED WITH SUCH COMPONENT|
    FR1755002|2017-06-06|FR1755002A| FR3066954B1|2017-06-06|2017-06-06|OPTICAL SECURITY COMPONENT VISIBLE IN REFLECTION, MANUFACTURE OF SUCH COMPONENT AND SECURE DOCUMENT PROVIDED WITH SUCH COMPONENT|
    EP18734436.1A| EP3634771B1|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Optical security component visible in reflection, manufacture of such a component|
    PCT/EP2018/064801| WO2018224512A1|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Optical security component visible in reflection, manufacture of such a component, and secure document provided with such a component|
    US16/620,181| US20200223243A1|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Optical security component visible in reflection, manufacture of such a component, and secure document provided with such a component|
    PCT/EP2018/064802| WO2018224513A1|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Optical security component visible in reflection, manufacture of such a component, and secure document provided with such a component|
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    RU2019144028A| RU2728815C1|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Protective optical component visible during reflection, manufacturing of such component and protected document equipped with such component|
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    JP2019572840A| JP2020522762A|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Optical security components visible by reflection, methods of manufacturing such components, and secure documents provided with such components|
    CN201880050945.0A| CN111032365B|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Optically visible security element, production of such an element and security document provided with such an element|
    EP18734435.3A| EP3634770B1|2017-06-06|2018-06-05|Optical security component visible in reflection, manufacture of such a component|
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